Inkspire English – Learn English with Dipayan Sir

✅ PART I: Complex ➤ Compound

A complex sentence has one main clause + one or more subordinate clauses. To convert it into a compound sentence, you must:

Complex Structure	Compound Structure
Adverb clauses (time, reason, condition)	Coordinating conjunctions
Relative clauses	Coordinated ideas
Subordinate noun clauses	Two independent clauses joined by a connector

#	Complex Sentence	Compound Sentence
1	When he reached home, he was tired.	He reached home and he was tired.
2	Although he is old, he is strong.	He is old, but he is strong.
3	He works hard so that he can succeed.	He works hard and he can succeed.
4	If you run fast, you will win.	Run fast, or you will lose.
5	I missed the train because I was late.	I was late, so I missed the train.
6	Though he tried, he failed.	He tried, but he failed.
7	Since she is ill, she cannot attend.	She is ill, so she cannot attend.
8	He will succeed if he tries.	He must try, or he won’t succeed.
9	As he was tired, he took rest.	He was tired, so he took rest.
10	Because he worked hard, he passed.	He worked hard, and he passed.
11	I waited until the train arrived.	The train arrived, and I left.
12	While she was walking, she fell.	She was walking, and she fell.
13	He behaves as if he were a king.	He behaves like a king, and no one dares oppose him.
14	If you obey the rules, you will be rewarded.	Obey the rules, and you will be rewarded.
15	He left early though he liked the show.	He liked the show, yet he left early.

To convert a compound sentence into a complex sentence, turn one independent clause into a dependent (subordinate) clause.

Compound Structure	Complex Structure
Coordinating conjunctions → Subordinating conjunctions (because, although, since, if, etc.)
Independent clauses → Main + Subordinate clause

#	Compound Sentence	Complex Sentence
1	He reached home and he was tired.	When he reached home, he was tired.
2	He is old, but he is strong.	Although he is old, he is strong.
3	He worked hard, so he succeeded.	Because he worked hard, he succeeded.
4	Run fast, or you will lose.	If you do not run fast, you will lose.
5	She is ill, so she cannot come.	Since she is ill, she cannot come.
6	He tried hard, but he failed.	Though he tried hard, he failed.
7	Work hard, or you will fail.	If you do not work hard, you will fail.
8	He is rich, yet he is humble.	Though he is rich, he is humble.
9	Obey the law, and you will be safe.	If you obey the law, you will be safe.
10	He liked the movie, but he left early.	Although he liked the movie, he left early.
11	The sun set, and we went home.	When the sun set, we went home.
12	He studied well, so he passed.	As he studied well, he passed.
13	You must hurry, or you will miss the bus.	Unless you hurry, you will miss the bus.
14	She finished her work, and she rested.	After she finished her work, she rested.
15	It rained, so we stayed indoors.	Because it rained, we stayed indoors.

Transformation	Example
Complex ➜ Compound	Though he was ill, he worked. → He was ill but he worked.
Compound ➜ Complex	He was late, so he missed the train. → Because he was late, he missed the train.

Always identify:

Main vs subordinate clause (in complex).
Two independent ideas (in compound).
Then find a logical conjunction or phrase to link or reduce them.